Quick and easy. What are brines and how are they formed through evaporation?

Brines are highly salty waters, usually much more concentrated than sea water (on average around 3.5 percent by volume sodium chloride). The salts (NaCl, KCl, etc.) are concentrated by evaporation of the water resulting in much saltier water (making a brine) and ultimately if all the water is evaporated, solid salts (your table salt).